{"id":580,"date":"2025-12-05T16:17:14","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T16:17:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/canas-jerez-treaty-1858\/"},"modified":"2025-12-19T15:32:27","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T15:32:27","slug":"canas-jerez-treaty-1858","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/en\/canas-jerez-treaty-1858\/","title":{"rendered":"Ca\u00f1as\u2013Jerez Treaty (1858)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\"><strong><em>A foundational document of the river border and a key piece of historical silence<\/em><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\"><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight>Signed on <strong>April 15, 1858<\/strong>, the <strong>Ca\u00f1as-Jerez Treaty<\/strong> is one of the most important juridical pillars in the history of relations between <strong>Costa Rica and Nicaragua<\/strong>. It establishes the binational delimitation from Lake Nicaragua to the Caribbean Sea, setting the basic principles that still today determine the <strong>sovereignty<\/strong>, <strong>navigation<\/strong> and use of the <strong>San Juan River<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\">The treaty defines that:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>The San Juan belongs to Nicaragua<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">but <strong>Costa Rica retains perpetual rights of navigation for commercial purposes<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">and possesses full sovereignty over the right bank of the river along much of its course.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"\">Although this agreement appeared to resolve a historical dispute, in reality it <strong>opened a long series of interpretations, tensions, and arbitrations<\/strong> that would last for more than a century. Its application has never been simple, because each article reflects the weight of 19th-century geopolitical interests, when interoceanic transit was one of the most strategic points in the hemisphere. <\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Relevance within the <em>Las Aguas del Olvido<\/em> trilogy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"\">Within the framework of the trilogy, the Ca\u00f1as-Jerez Treaty occupies a central place because it was signed <strong>only one year after the Transit Campaign (1856-1857)<\/strong>, but <strong>without mentioning or using at any point the most forceful military precedent that Costa Rica had to negotiate: the capture of the steamships, the logistic control of the river and the fluvial victory of Major M\u00e1ximo Blanco.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\">This omission constitutes one of the thematic axes of the work:<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. The treaty enshrines a border, but ignores the military victory that made it possible.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"\">The strategic weight of the Transit Campaign was decisive in securing a favorable negotiating margin. Even so, its absence in the text reveals a political decision to erase that chapter in order to adjust the historical narrative to internal interests. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. The documentary silence of the treaty becomes a precedent.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"\">Years later, the legal arguments derived from Ca\u00f1as\u2013Jerez were used in international litigation (such as the <strong>Cleveland Award of 1888<\/strong> and later in <strong>The Hague<\/strong>). But because the Transit Campaign was not incorporated into the original documentary corpus, <strong>Costa Rica entered the 20th and 21st centuries with a strategic void in its own legal memory<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. This historical void favored an incomplete reading of sovereign rights.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"\">The trilogy argues that the neglect of the Costa Rican contribution in the San Juan generated a &#8220;dead space&#8221; in the interpretation of the treaties, affecting the national narrative and indirectly weakening the Costa Rican position in subsequent litigation related to navigation, sovereignty and territorial limits.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\">Therefore, the Ca\u00f1as-Jerez Treaty is not only a legal document:<highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>is the first stone of the long silence that the<highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight> books seek to dismantle<\/strong>.<highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight>Link to the historical document (PDF)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"\"><em><strong><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/strong><\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/TRATADO_DE_LIMITES_NICARAGUA_Y_COSTA_RICA.pdf\"><em><strong><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight>Download Ca\u00f1as Jerez Treaty (1858)<highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/strong><\/em><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight> <em><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/em><\/a><em>(<highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight>Click link to download)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/constitucion-costa-rica-1859-1.pdf\"><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"\"><highlight style=\"border-radius: 3px; background: rgb(255, 226, 63);\"><\/highlight><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A foundational document of the river border and a key piece of historical silence Signed on April 15, 1858, the Ca\u00f1as-Jerez Treaty is one of the most important juridical pillars in the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":826,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-580","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - 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