{"id":1043,"date":"2025-12-07T17:23:31","date_gmt":"2025-12-07T17:23:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/arret-de-la-cij-affaire-de-lile-de-portillos-ile-de-calero-2015\/"},"modified":"2025-12-19T15:27:51","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T15:27:51","slug":"arret-de-la-cij-affaire-de-lile-de-portillos-ile-de-calero-2015","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/fr\/arret-de-la-cij-affaire-de-lile-de-portillos-ile-de-calero-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"Arr\u00eat de la CIJ – Affaire de l’\u00eele de Portillos \/ \u00eele de Calero (2015)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Introduction et contexte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

L’arr\u00eat de la Cour internationale de justice (CIJ) du 16 d\u00e9cembre 2015 a r\u00e9solu l’un des diff\u00e9rends les plus importants de l’histoire diplomatique r\u00e9cente entre le Costa Rica et le Nicaragua : le diff\u00e9rend relatif \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 sur l’\u00eele de Portillos<\/strong> – \u00e9galement connue sous le nom d’\u00eele Calero<\/strong> dans l’imaginaire costaricien – et les dommages environnementaux caus\u00e9s en territoire costaricien par les travaux nicaraguayens sur le canal<\/em> dit artificiel<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n

Cet arr\u00eat est devenu un jalon pour le droit international dans la r\u00e9gion, mais sa v\u00e9ritable pertinence ne peut \u00eatre comprise sans passer en revue le long chemin historique qui m\u00e8ne de la campagne de transit (1856-1857)<\/strong> aux trait\u00e9s, sentences et diff\u00e9rends modernes. La CIJ ne juge pas le pass\u00e9 militaire, mais elle applique les crit\u00e8res, les d\u00e9limitations et les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents qui sont n\u00e9s – ou auraient d\u00fb na\u00eetre – de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements. <\/p>\n\n

Le Costa Rica a abord\u00e9 ce conflit avec un bagage historique incomplet :un vide narratif<\/strong> h\u00e9rit\u00e9 de la mise sous silence de la campagne de transit et de la figure du commandant M\u00e1ximo Blanco Rodr\u00edguez. Ce vide, r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 dans l’\u00e9ducation, la diplomatie et la politique, a laiss\u00e9 de c\u00f4t\u00e9 un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel : la d\u00e9monstration du contr\u00f4le effectif<\/strong>, de l’utilisation historique du territoire et du contr\u00f4le logistique du San Juan pendant les ann\u00e9es 1856-1857.Ce silence a eu des cons\u00e9quences. <\/p>\n\n

Pourquoi ce document est la cl\u00e9 de la trilogie Waters of Oblivion<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Dans la trilogie – TheBitter Waters of the San Juan<\/em>, Silenced Waters<\/em> et The Water Frontier –<\/em>cette affaire occupe une place centrale parce qu’elle repr\u00e9sente.. :<\/p>\n\n

1. L’aboutissement juridique d’un si\u00e8cle et demi de conflits.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

L’arr\u00eat de 2015 est le dernier maillon d’une cha\u00eene qui comprend :<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • le trait\u00e9 de Ca\u00f1as-Jerez (1858),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • le prix Cleveland (1888),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • la Convention d’Alexander (1897),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • le trait\u00e9 de Jerez-Molina (1896),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • et une succession d’interpr\u00e9tations, de malentendus, d’erreurs diplomatiques et d’omissions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    2. Le miroir dans lequel on observe la fragilit\u00e9 du r\u00e9cit national.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

    Le Costa Rica a d\u00e9fendu un territoire avec une solvabilit\u00e9 juridique, mais sans la force symbolique de toute son histoire. La m\u00e9moire militaire de 1856-1857 – y compris la pr\u00e9sence effective \u00e0 Sarapiqui, San Carlos et sur les rives du San Juan – n’a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans sa diplomatie moderne. <\/p>\n\n

    L’arr\u00eat reconna\u00eet la souverainet\u00e9 du Costa Rica, mais montre \u00e9galement que le pays s’est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 devant le tribunal sans disposer d’un r\u00e9cit historique consolid\u00e9 pour \u00e9tayer ses arguments.<\/p>\n\n

    3. Le pont vers le troisi\u00e8me livre de la trilogie.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

    The Water Frontier<\/em> analysera comment le Costa Rica, malgr\u00e9 ses victoires militaires et juridiques, a perdu des opportunit\u00e9s strat\u00e9giques en ne maintenant pas une continuit\u00e9 narrative entre l’histoire, le droit et la g\u00e9opolitique.Le cas d’Isla Portillos d\u00e9montre que l’avenir du fleuve San Juan ne d\u00e9pend pas seulement des trait\u00e9s, mais aussi de la reconstruction de la m\u00e9moire effac\u00e9e<\/strong> et de l’entr\u00e9e dans le 21\u00e8me si\u00e8cle avec une vision claire :qui contr\u00f4le la narration contr\u00f4le le fleuve.<\/p>\n\n

    Contenu du document<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Le document comprend<\/p>\n\n

      \n
    • Les arguments pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s par le Costa Rica et le Nicaragua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • La d\u00e9limitation finale \u00e9tablie par la CIJ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Reconnaissance des dommages environnementaux caus\u00e9s par le Nicaragua et r\u00e9paration correspondante.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • L’analyse de la souverainet\u00e9 de l’\u00eele de Portillos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Interpr\u00e9tation contemporaine du trait\u00e9 de Ca\u00f1as-Jerez plus de 150 ans apr\u00e8s sa signature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

      Pertinence pour les chercheurs, les lecteurs et les \u00e9tudiants<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

      Cet arr\u00eat est indispensable pour :<\/p>\n\n

        \n
      • comprendre l’\u00e9tat actuel de la fronti\u00e8re,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • l’\u00e9tablissement d’un lien entre le droit international moderne et l’histoire militaire du 19e si\u00e8cle,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • observer comment un pays n\u00e9gocie un territoire lorsqu’il a perdu une partie de sa m\u00e9moire historique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • et \u00e9valuer l’importance du San Juan dans la g\u00e9opolitique contemporaine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

        Le document est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ici comme un \u00e9l\u00e9ment d’une archive vivante qui accompagnera l’\u00e9volution de la trilogie.<\/p>\n\n

        \n\n

        T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le document<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

        \ud83d\udc49 [Acc\u00e8s au PDF de l’arr\u00eat de la Cour internationale de justice – 2015]<\/em>(lien ou bouton \u00e0 ins\u00e9rer lorsque le fichier sera disponible)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Introduction et contexte L’arr\u00eat de la Cour internationale de justice (CIJ) du 16 d\u00e9cembre 2015 a r\u00e9solu l’un des diff\u00e9rends les plus importants de l’histoire diplomatique r\u00e9cente entre le Costa Rica et…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1031,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1043","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nArr\u00eat de la CIJ - Affaire de l'\u00eele de Portillos \/ \u00eele de Calero (2015) - Las Aguas Amargas del San Juan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aguasamargas.com\/fr\/arret-de-la-cij-affaire-de-lile-de-portillos-ile-de-calero-2015\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Arr\u00eat de la CIJ - 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